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Research, Papers, Reports and Articles |
Merfield Agronomy Ltd is a limited company under which I undertake private work in sustainable agronomy (agricultural and horticultural science) consulting and advising.
Physical Weeding: A business I co-own with Tim Chamberlain that specialises in agricultural equipment for physical weed management including direct fired steam weeders, flame weeders, the Four Wheel Hoe (pedestrian hoe), and false seed bed tillers (cultivators).
The BHU Future Farming Centre (FFC) is a research center I established in 2011 with a focus on alternative / sustainable agriculture. Many of the post 2011 publications below were written as FFC publications and are also available on the FFC website.
Documents are listed in reverse chronological order 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005, 2004, 2003.
Please feel free to copy, use, further distribute and refer to any of these reports for private, personal, scientific or other non-commercial use unless otherwise indicated. If you wish to copy or reproduce any of the reports or parts thereof in any format for commercial (i.e., profit making) purposes please contact me for permission giving details.
There are also a range of commentary articles written for the FFC Bulletin that are not listed below.
If you are unable to access peer reviewed articles please contact me and I may be able to provide an ePrint.
Also see my Vimeo videos.
ResearchGateModern (inter)row-hoes — The Swiss army knife of mechanical weeders. A comprehensive guide. The BHU Future Farming Centre Bulletin. .
How to truely get healthy soil. New Zealand Gardener - Kaingaki māra, 80(10), 33-37.
Weeds as a social construct. In R. Ebel & F. Menalled (Eds.), Agroecology of edible weeds and noncrop plants: Ecology and socioeconomic potential of the associated plant biodiversity (pp. 119-131). London, UK: Academic Press. an imprint of Elsevier
Is tine weeding an option for weed control? Webcast for the Foundation for Arable Research
Why a biodiverse landscape is important. Video of presentation at A Lighter Touch workshop Biodiverse planting on vegetable farms
DIY soil health tests. New Zealand Gardener - Kaingaki māra, 80(06), 26-31.
Weed management. New Zealand Gardener - Kaingaki māra, 80(7), 20-22.
The significance of degrees. Organic NZ, 83 (3): 37-39.
Strategies to improve the efficiency and decrease the negative environmental impacts from phosphorous fertiliser. Written for and published by Our Land and Water - Toitu¯ te Whenua, Toiora te Wai
What is the future of the herbicide strip? The Orchardist, 97 (01): 49-52
A comprehensive guide to electrical weed management. The BHU Future Farming Centre Bulletin, 1: 64.
Integrated weed management in organic farming. In S. Chandran, M. R. Unni, S. Thomas, and D. K. Meena (Eds.), Organic farming: Global perspectives and methods. 2nd Edition (pp. 31-110). Cambridge, MA, United States: Elsevier Science.
Agroecology: Our organic future. Organic NZ, 82 (6): 23-25.
Integrated weed management. FAR Arable Extra Issue 132. Local copy. FAR website.
Weed management – getting the timing right. FAR Arable Extra Issue 133. Local copy. FAR website.
Mechanical weed management. FAR Arable Extra Issue 134. Local copy. FAR website.
Non-chemical weed management - harvest and the weed seedbank. FAR Arable Extra Issue 135. Local copy. FAR website.
Non-chemical weed management – stale and false seedbeds. FAR Arable Extra Issue 136. Local copy. FAR website.
An introduction to the principles of service (cover) crops and intercropping. Extension article published in the 2023 V3 FFC Bulletin.
A Lighter Touch uses non-chemical methods to control weeds in crops, Rural Delivery TVNZ Program 20 May 2023DIY Soil Health Tests V1. Extension article published in the 2023 V2 FFC Bulletin on soil health tests that farmers, growers and gardeners can do themselves. Gives and overview of the tests with links to further resources.
Intercropping and the many benefits of plant mixtures. Article published in Rural contractor & large scale farmer
Could the dawn of Level 4 robotic weeders facilitate a revolution in ecological weed management? Paper published in Weed Research. Please contact me for an ePrint or view a read-only, full, online copy
Non-chemical management of docks (Rumex) V2 2022. This is an updated version of the 2018 original report
Knowledge review of agroecological crop protection approaches in vegetable production systems to reduce pesticide use. Contract report for A Lighter Touch. An additional valuble reference (Agroecological crop protection for sustainable agriculture 2023 Deguine Aubertot et. al. was added to the report which is avalible here Knowledge review of agroecological crop protection approaches in vegetable production systems to reduce pesticide use 2023a.
Agriculture without paraquat is feasible without loss of productivity. Lessons learned from phasing out a highly hazardous herbicide Stuart Merfield et al. Paper published in 'Environmental Science and Pollution Research' doi:10.1007/s11356-022-24951-0
The Future of Organics? and Back to the Soil - Presentation and video of the seminar given at the final meeting of Canterbury Commercial Organics Group (CCOG).
Farmers don’t need nitrogen fertilisers at all. Article published in newsroom
Redefining weeds for the post-herbicide era. Paper published in Weed Research. Please contact me for an ePrint or view a read-only, full online copy
Get into intercropping and living mulch. Article published in OrganicNZ Magazine.
Humus is dead, long live MAOM! Article published in OrganicNZ Magazine.
Redefining weeds for the post-herbicide era. Article published in OrganicNZ Magazine.
Electrothermal weeders: A Roundup and cultivation replacement? Article published in Organic Matters, the newsletter of Organic Winegrowers New Zealand
The future is organic. Article published in New Zealand Gardener - Kaingaki Mara
Broadacre mechanical weeders – an alternative mode of action to herbicides. Article published in Rural contractor & large scale farmer
What is a weed? Redefining weeds for the post-herbicide era. Article published in Rural contractor & large scale farmer
Webinar for b.link - Embracing Urban Agriculture (includes other speakers)
Webinar for A Ligher Touch - Introduction to agroecology
Webinar for A Ligher Touch - The three types of biocontrol
Webinar for A Ligher Touch - Overview of the ALT Gisborne citrus project
Sorry, I didn’t hear your question – but the answer is ‘plant diversity’. Article published in Commercial Horticulture
Weed and soil management: A balancing act. Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences
Agroecological pest management in citrus. Contract report for A Lighter Touch
Place-based approach to assessing the impact of Regenerative Agriculture in New-Zealand. Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research Contract Report LC3954-6 for Our Land and Water National Science Challenge & The NEXT Foundation. Lincoln.
Research strategies relevant to Regenerative agriculture in New Zealand. Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research Contract Report LC3954-4 for Our Land and Water National Science Challenge & The NEXT Foundation.
Regenerative agriculture in Aotearoa New Zealand – research pathways to build science-based evidence and national narratives. White paper prepared for Our Land and Water National Science Challenge and the NEXT Foundation.
Research strategies relevant to Regenerative agriculture in New Zealand. Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research Contract Report LC3954-4 for Our Land and Water National Science Challenge & The NEXT Foundation.
Seedling responses to organically-derived plant growth promoters: an effects-based approach. Plants, 10(4), 660. doi:10.3390/plants10040660
An introduction and guide to the ‘alternative agricultures’: an enquiry into values. Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research Contract Report LC3954-1 for Our Land and Water National Science Challenge & The NEXT Foundation.
An introduction to and analysis of regenerative agriculture. The Journal. The Official Publication of The New Zealand Institute of Primary Industry Management Incorporated, 25(1), 8-13.
New Zealand’s monitoring frameworks for agricultural sustainability and assurance. Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research Contract Report LC3954-7 for Our Land and Water National Science Challenge & The NEXT Foundation.
Webinar for Our Land and Water - Overview of Regenerative Agriculture in Aotearoa (includes other speakers)
Webinar for Our Land and Water - Regenerative Agriculture: Measuring What Works, Where It Matters (includes other speakers)
Webinar for Organic Winegrowers NZ - Soil health webinar: Vineyard WOF tests and the science behind them
Webinar for Organic Winegrowers NZ - Soil health: How to improve it and the science behind it
The ability of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) to penetrate mesh crop covers used to protect potato crops against tomato potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli). PeerJ, 8, e9317. doi:10.7717/peerj.9317
Intensive farming has failed to solve hunger. New Scientist, 3306 (31 October)
The potential of mini-ridging for controlling intrarow weeds: estimating minimum lethal burial depth. Weed Research, 60(5), 353-362. doi:10.1111/wre.12441. Please contact me for an ePrint.
Webinar for LIVE - Vineyard floor management: A sustainability nexus / Non-chemical weed management
Integrated weed management in arable crop systems. Report written for the Foundation for Arable Research (FAR) Merfield Agronomy Ltd
Vineyard floor management: A sustainability nexus with a focus on undervine weeding. The BHU Future Farming Centre report 04-2019
Effects of sticky trap colour, UV illumination and within-trap variation on tomato potato psyllid captures in glasshouses. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 47(1), 48-62. doi:10.1080/01140671.2018.1508043
Pore size requirements for mesh crop covers to protect potatoes from aphids. New Zealand Entomologist, 1-6. doi:10.1080/00779962.2018.1556914
The potential of culinary vegetable oils as herbicides in organic farming: the effect of oil type and repeated applications on plant growth. Organic Agriculture, 9(1), 41-51. doi:10.1007/s13165-018-0208-z
An analysis and overview of regenerative agriculture. The BHU Future Farming Centre report number 2-2019.
Rotations and their impact on soil health. The BHU Future Farming Centre report number 03-2019.
Mesh crop covers improve potato yield and inhibit tomato potato psyllid and blight: The roles of mesh pore size and ultraviolet radiation. Annals of Applied Biology, 174(2), 223-237. doi:10.1111/aab.12489
Soil thermal weeding. University of Canterbury, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, final year project, and higher temperature & duration seed treatment. The BHU Future Farming Centre
Mechanical weed control. In Non-chemical weed control (pp. 133-155). London, UK: Academic Press
Alternative methods in weed management to the use of glyphosate and other herbicides: Integrated weed management - many little hammers. Brussels, Belgium: Pesticide Action Network Europe.
Testing the compatibility of mesh crop covers with desiccant sprays in seed potato production. The BHU Future Farming Centre report 06-2018
The art and science of cover cropping. Organic Matters: The Dirt from Organic Winegrowers New Zealand, Vintage 2018, 17-21.
Culinary oils as herbicides. The Future Farming Centre Bulletin, 2018-V3.
Effect of UV light on foliar potato blight and psyllid yellows. The BHU Future Farming Centre report 01-2018.
Integrated Weed Management in Organic Farming. In Organic Farming: Global Perspectives and Methods (1st ed., pp. 117-180): Elsevier: Woodhead Publishing.
Mechanical weeders - their mode of action. Organic Farming, 127 (Spring 2018), 48-49.
Mini-ridgers: Lethal burial depth for controlling intrarow weeds. The BHU Future Farming Centre Bulletin, 2018-V2
Non-chemical management of docks (Rumex). The Future Farming Centre report 07-2018. See the updated version in 2022.
The use of UV-A light insect traps for TPP control and monitoring in glasshouses. The BHU Future Farming Centre report 04-2018.
The effect of organically derived fertilisers on early growth of Pinot noir cuttings under glasshouse conditions. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 45(3), 223-231.
Seasonal patterns of drosophilid flies and parasitoid wasps attracted to rotting fruit and vegetable baits in Canterbury, New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist, 1-9.
Undervine weed management: A practical guide to effective weed control in organic vineyards. Organic Winegrowers New Zealand
Mesh crop covers for non-chemical potato pest & disease control: Final results from the 2016-17 field trial of mesh vs. agrichemicals. The BHU Future Farming Centre report 08-2017.
Mesh crop covers for pest control in commercial crop production. The BHU Future Farming Centre report 9-2017.
Understanding the undervine. Organic Winegrowers New Zealand Newsletter, August, 18-20.
Efficacy of heat for weed control varies with heat source, tractor speed, weed species and size. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 60(4), 437-448.
When experts disagree: the need to rethink indicator selection for assessing sustainability of agriculture. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 1-16.
Predation of nymphal tomato potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), by the predatory mite, Anystis baccarum L. (Trombidiformes: Anystidae). New Zealand Entomologist, 39(2), 110-116.
Are organic standards sufficient to ensure sustainable agriculture? Lessons from New Zealand’s ARGOS and Sustainability Dashboard projects. In K. Etingoff (Ed.), Sustainable Development of Organic Agriculture: Historical Perspectives (pp. 147-170). New Jersey: Apple Academic Press
Back to the future. Organic Farming, 121, 44-45.
Back to the future - electrothermal, systemic, weedkiller. The FFC Bulletin, 2016-V1
ISTW Supplemental Note: New In-Field Design for Low Energy Consumption and High Speed. The BHU Future Farming Centre report 2-2016
New pollination opportunities using lucerne leafcutting bees. The FFC Bulletin, 2016-V2
Robotic weeding's false dawn? Ten requirements for fully autonomous mechanical weed management. Weed Research, 56(5), 340-344.
Understanding biostimulants, biofertilisers and on-farm trials. The FFC Bulletin, 2016-V1
How to be a better all-natural farmer. New Zealand Lifestyle Block, 30(4), 22-27.
Are organic standards sufficient to ensure sustainable agriculture? Lessons from New Zealand’s ARGOS and Sustainability Dashboard projects. Sustainable Agriculture Research, [S.l.] 4(3)
The New Zealand Sustainability Dashboard: Online sustainability assessment and reporting tools to achieve quality water outcomes in a low regulation political environment. Proceedings of the International interdisciplinary conference on land use and water quality: Agricultural production and the environment, Vienna, Austria, 94. Abstract. Presentation.
False and Stale Seedbeds: The most effective non-chemical weed management tools for cropping and pasture establishment. The FFC Bulletin, 2015-V4, 25.
The fundamentals of soil nutrient management, soil testing and fertiliser recommendations. The FFC Bulletin, 2015-V1
Miscanthus - a new tool for NZ ag and hort? The FFC Bulletin, 2015-V1
Field evaluation of the effectiveness of mesh crop covers for the protection of potatoes from tomato potato psyllid. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 43(2), 123-133.
Pore size criteria of mesh crop covers for the exclusion of tomato-potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli). New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 43(1), 53-58.
The search for white tip of Californian thistle in New Zealand. New Zealand Plant Protection, 67, 330.
Combing out weeds - innovation in arable and pasture weeding. The FFC Bulletin, 2014-V1
Crushing Californian thistles to death and other on-farm, non-chemical control techniques. The FFC Bulletin, 2014-V2
The final frontier: Non-chemical, intrarow, weed control for annual crops with a focus on mini-ridgers. The FFC Bulletin, 2014-V4. See also the follow up article Mini-ridgers: Lethal burial depth for controlling intrarow weeds in 2018.
The future of phosphorus. The FFC Bulletin, 2014-V1
Non-chemical weed management - Stale and false seed beds. Arable Extra issue 98 written for the Foundation for Arable Research (FAR).
Mesh nets could be potato industry’s saviour [TV program], One News. New Zealand: TVNZ.
Playing politics with the future. Resource: Engineering & Technology for a Sustainable World, 21(6), 13-14.
A search for a pest control option ends with an unexpected outcome at the FFC [TV program]. TV One, Rural Delivery: TVNZ.
Sorting the wheat from the chaff of sustainable soil management. NZGrower, 69(10), 28-30.
Understanding soil testing: Part 2. A simulation based on an approximation, informing an empirical estimate all wrapped up in a value judgement! Organic Matters, 128, 19-21. See The fundamentals of soil nutrient management, soil testing and fertiliser recommendations in 2015.
Understanding soil testing: Part 3 The importance of pH for how plants take up nutrients. Organic Matters, 129, 6-8. See The fundamentals of soil nutrient management, soil testing and fertiliser recommendations in 2015.
We look at chemical-free options for weed control [TV program], TV One, Rural Delivery. New Zealand: TVNZ.
Butterflies and moths under threat [TV program], One News. New Zealand: TVNZ.
Expanding the Potential of Intrarow Soil Thermal Weeding. Future Farming Centre report.
Intrarow Soil Thermal Weeding Supplemental Report:An Analysis of the Potential for Ex-field Heat Treatment. Future Farming Centre report.
Intrarow Soil Thermal Weeding Supplemental: Final In-Field Design for Low Energy Consumption and High work rates – version 2. Future Farming Centre report.
Soil thermal weeding. University of Canterbury, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Final Year Project, and higher temperature & duration seed treatment. Future Farming Centre report.
Chemical resistance confirmed in ryegrass [Radio Program]. New Zealand: Radio New Zealand.
Farmers asked to keep eyes peeled for thistle fungus [Radio Program]. New Zealand: Radio New Zealand.
The foundations of good soil husbandry. Organic Matters, 126, 22-23. See The fundamentals of soil nutrient management, soil testing and fertiliser recommendations in 2015.
Hot air could control some weeds [Radio Program]. New Zealand: Radio New Zealand.
Intrarow soil thermal weeding supplemental report: An analysis of the potential for ex-field heat treatment. Future Farming Centre report.
Mesh cover highly effective at keeping pest off potatoes [Radio Program]. New Zealand: Radio New Zealand.
Non-chemical weed management - harvest and the weed seedbank. Arable Extra issue 98 written for the Foundation for Arable Research (FAR).
Non-chemical weed management - mechanical weeding. Arable Extra Issue 97 report written for the Foundation for Arable Research (FAR).
Tomato potato psyllid (TPP) and blight management with mesh crop covers: second year’s results and future research directions. Future Farming Centre report.
Understanding soil testing: Part 1. Organic Matters, 127, 17-19. See The fundamentals of soil nutrient management, soil testing and fertiliser recommendations in 2015.
Make soil organisms work for you: Mythbusting practices that do and don’t work. The FFC Bulletin, 2013-V1
Steam for weed and disease control. Proceedings of the International Agroecological Forum, St. Petersburg, Russia, 176-183.
The Biological Husbandry Unit [Radio Program], Country Life. New Zealand: Radio New Zealand.
Directions for research in the certified organic management of Phytophthora cinnamomi in avocados. Future Farming Centre report
Initial trials of Kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) as a fungicide and health promotor on grapes. Future Farming Centre resport.
Treating food preparation ‘waste’ by Bokashi fermentation vs. composting for crop land application: A feasibility and scoping review. Future Farming Centre report.
Understanding biological / organic fertilisers using kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) as an example. Future Farming Centre report.
Initial Results for Tomato Potato Psyllid (TPP) Management with Mesh Crop Covers. Future Farming Centre report.
The Future of Farming? (external web page) Follow up article to "A Philosophical Perspective" (see 2011 below) for the ASABE (American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers) Journal 'Resource: Engineering & Technology for a Sustainable World'.
Biochar: The need for precaution? Edited version of the Mother Earth article (see 2011 below) for Organic NZ magazine.
Problems and progress for organic seed production. Agronomy New Zealand, 42, 89-102.
Intrarow soil thermal weeding research report: The effect of soil texture and moisture content on soil structure after mixing and heating with steam. Future Farming Centre report
The Future Farming Centre Launch Lecture (webpage)
No long-term fix. Letter to the Editor of New Scientist.
Biochar: The need for precaution? Article in 'Mother Earth' a Journal of the Soil Association.
A Philosophical Perspective. Short article for the 'Farm of the Future' a special issue of the ASABE (American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers) Journal 'Resource: Engineering & Technology for a Sustainable World'.
Integrating crop production into organic pastoral livestock systems. Book section in Organic Pastoral Resource Guide, second edition.
Energy & Agriculture and Tillage & Soil Management: In a post-peak fossil fuel world with a warming climate. Presentation from seminar given on 21 November 2010 at Scargill Hall North Canterbury.
Precision Ag for ecological farming systems paper and presentation given at LandWISE Conference 2010: Know Your Farm - with Precision Ag. 12-13 May, Havelock North, New Zealand.
Thermal weed management for crop production. Article written for eOrganic (USA) eOrganic article page (requires registration and login).
The effect of plant density on seed yield and quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.). Seed symposium: seeds for futures. Agronomy Society of New Zealand Special Publication, 13(14), 75-83.
Post-emergence thermal weeding in onions (Allium cepa). Agronomy New Zealand, 40, 177-186.
Innovative concepts & techniques for successful weed management in organic cropping. Webinar for The Certified Organic Associations of British Columbia (COABC), Canada.
A direct-fired steam weeder. Paper published in Weed Research Journal.
Trials of a crimper-roller for killing cover crops for organic and non-herbicide, no-till cropping. Paper presented at the 8th Workshop of the EWRS Working Group: Physical and Cultural Weed Control, Zaragoza, Spain, 9-11 March 2009. Please also see other roller crimper outputs from this research below.
Fundamentals of Nutrient Management: Why Nutrient Replacement is Essential in Organic and all Agriculture. Synthesis paper presented at the 2008 Teagasc Organic Conference (2 December).
Results from an arable crop rotation study at Oak Park 2000 - 2007 T. Kennedy, C. Merfield and A. Mahon. Results paper presented at the 2008 Teagasc Organic Conference (2 December)
Soil Nutrient Management for Irish Organic Agriculture. Information booklet to be published by Teagasc (this version is in the pre-press format)
Debating organics. Article in Irish Farmers Monthly debating a previous article by Matt O'Keeffe . Includes scans of final articles.
Soil husbandry and tillage / The big dig debate. Article on soil husbandry and tillage published in Organic NZ magazine in three parts.
EU pesticide legislation. Letter to the Editor of the Irish Farmers Journal.
Nutrient management in organic agriculture. Chapter from the Teagasc "Major and micro nutrient advice for productive agricultural crops, 3rd Edition" also known as the 'Green Book'. This book is published without copyright. NB: Plant nutrients in Ireland, including this chapter, are expressed as percentage element, in the UK and some other territories they are expresses as percentage oxides, e.g., P2O5 and K20.
Organic stockless arable rotation experiment - 1999-2007: Review and analysis report. Teagasc Crops Research Centre, Oak Park, Carlow.
Organic stockless arable rotation experiment - 1999-2007: Results report. Teagasc Crops Research Centre, Oak Park, Carlow.
Irish farmers should learn from the past for a better future. Letter to the Editor of the Irish Farmers Journal.
Has organics over-hyped the benefits of compost? Comment article in Organic Farming Magazine.
The limits of science and the science of limits. Letter to the Editor of the Irish Farmers Journal.
Roller crimpers: One route to organic no-till farming. Article in Organic NZ magazine. Also see the report to the Sustainable Farming Fund (below).
Time to repeal the noxious weeds act. Letter to the Editor of the Irish Farmers Journal.
Biochar: an agri-climatic revolution? Opinion piece, also contains further discussion on issues raised by the 'Is composting un-organic?' article (below).
Global warming: Has organics missed the sustainability boat? Opinion piece.
Is composting un-organic? Opinion piece published in Organic NZ.
A submission to the Soil Associations’ green paper on air freighting organic products. Submission made with Prof. N Holden to the Soil Associations’ green paper on air freighting organic products.
‘Sound science’?: A different perspective Opinion piece responding to Joel Salatin’s article ‘‘Sound science’ is killing us’ (or here if that link is broken) April 2004 and reprinted in Organic Farming (Soil Association) spring 2007 issue.
Initial trials of a crimper roller in New Zealand. Copy of a final report to the Sustainable Farming Fund (SFF) of the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry.
The fallacy of food miles. Opinion piece published in The Bulletin of The Organic Research Centre, Elm Farm.
Overview of organic agriculture Book chapter in Organic Agriculture: A Global Perspective by CSIRO Publishing.
Steam and fish fertilisers: A potential organic systemic herbicide? Paper and presentation given to the 7th workshop of the European Weed Research Society working group: Physical and Cultural Weed Control, 11-14 March 2007 Salem, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. Short report (web page), published in several nonscientific media on trials to see if foliar fertilizers or vegetable oils in conjunction with steam gave a systemic weed kill with additional comments about the ill-advised practice of using concentrated fish and other fertilizers as herbicides.
The effect of seed moisture content and the duration and temperature of hot water treatment on carrot seed viability and the control of Alternaria radicina. Poster and paper presented at the First Scientific Conference of the International Society of Organic Agriculture Research (ISOFAR) "Researching Sustainable Systems" Adelaide, Australia 2005.
Formal collaboration amongst four tertiary education institutions to advance environmental sustainability. Poster presented at the The 4th Australasian Conference Of Sustainable Campuses held at the EcoCentre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 30th September to 1st October 2004. PDF version of poster text.
The Organic Seed Market and Computer Vision Guidance Systems for Agriculture. Lincoln Foundation Report July 2004.
Video analysis of predation by polyphagous invertebrate predators in the laboratory and field. Biological Control, 29(1), 5-13.
Efficacy of mechanical weed management in organic process vegetables. New Zealand Plant Protection, 56, 276-276.
Organic Agriculture. Chapter in the Lincoln University Farm Technical Manual.
Time for Organic Producer Co-Ops? Opinion piece published in Organic NZ July/August issue 2002.
Predator interactions within a trophic level: Phalangium Opilio L. (Arachnida: Opiliones) and mites (Arachnida: Acari) Masters of Applied Science Thesis
Certenz: Friend or Foe? Opinion piece published in Organic NZ September/October issue 2000.
Organic weed management: A practical guide. A report, with figures, describing the systems and practice required for weed control in organic horticultural and agriculture in temperate climates. Updated in September 2002 with additional information on perennial crops, composts, manures, irrigation, post harvest issues, thermal weeders, and an updated further sources of information section.
Industrial hemp and its potential for New Zealand. A Report for the 1999 Kellogg Rural Leadership Course, November 1999.
Automation of report and thesis writing. A document explaining and demonstrating Microsoft Word features of value for writing reports.
Thesis and dissertation template. An example of a Word template designed for a thesis or dissertation. Includes explanatory text and is designed to be read in conjunction with the automation of report and thesis writing document above.
The Biological Control of Pea Root Rot and Damping off on Lettuce by Effective Microorganisms. Sixth Conference on Effective Microorganisms Sara Buri Thailand 1998. (To my knowledge the proceedings for this conference have never been published)
Utilisation of effective microorganisms commercial organic agriculture - a case study from New Zealand. 5th International Nature Farming Conference, Bangkok, Thailand 1997.
Organic soil management in New Zealand. (44 KB pdf file) A report written for the NZ MAF (Ministry of Agriculture and Food) for their organic farming booklet series in 1995. N.B. The sections of this report relating to Bio-Gro standards are now out of date.
The organic industry. The need for clear goals and criteria for decision making: A perspective of two producers. 10th IFOAM conference held in 1994 at Lincoln University, NZ. (N.B. While this paper was presented at the conference it was not included in the published conference proceedings.)
These are a small number of papers that I host that are not avalible anymore.
orcid.org/0000-0003-2866-7213